若 f(x)=logax(a>0,a不等于1)f(x)=\log_{a}x(a>0,a不等于1)f(x)=logax(a>0,a不等于1).
(1)y=f(x)y=f(x)y=f(x) 过 (4,2)(4,2)(4,2),求 f(2x−2)<f(x)f(2x-2)<f(x)f(2x−2)<f(x) 的解集;
(2)存在 xxx 使得 f(x+1)f(x+1)f(x+1)、f(ax)f(ax)f(ax)、f(x+2)f(x+2)f(x+2) 成等差数列,求 aaa 的取值范围。
∴y=f(x)\therefore y=f(x)∴y=f(x) 过 (4,2)(4,2)(4,2)
loga4=2 ⟹ ln4lna=2 ⟹ lna=12ln4 ⟹ lna=ln2 ⟹ a=2\begin{aligned} &\qquad log_a{4}=2 \\ &\implies \frac{ln4}{lna}=2 \\ &\implies lna = \dfrac12ln4 \\ &\implies lna = ln2 \\ &\implies a=2 \end{aligned} loga4=2⟹lnaln4=2⟹lna=21ln4⟹lna=ln2⟹a=2
a=2a=2a=2时,loga(x)log_a(x)loga(x)严格增 f(2x−2)<f(x) ⟹ 2x−2<xf(2x-2)<f(x) \implies 2x-2\lt xf(2x−2)<f(x)⟹2x−2<x,
{x>02x−2>0 ⟹ x>12x−2<x ⟹ x<2\begin{cases} x \gt 0 \\ 2x-2 \gt 0 \implies x\gt 1 \\ 2x-2\lt x \implies x\lt 2 \end{cases} ⎩⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎧x>02x−2>0⟹x>12x−2<x⟹x<2
∴解集为(1,2)\large \colorbox{yellow}{\(\therefore 解集为(1,2)\)}∴解集为(1,2)
当 x>0x\gt 0x>0 时,f(x+1)f(x+1)f(x+1)、f(ax)f(ax)f(ax)、f(x+2)f(x+2)f(x+2)有意义,
f(x+2)−f(ax)=f(ax)−f(x+1) ⟹ x+2ax=axx+1 ⟹ a2x2=(x+1)(x+2) ⟹ a2=2x2+3x+1 ⟹ a2=2(1x+34)2−18\begin{aligned} &\qquad \quad f(x+2)-f(ax)=f(ax)-f(x+1) \\ &\implies \frac{x+2}{ax}=\frac{ax}{x+1} \\ &\implies a^2x^2 = (x+1)(x+2) \\ &\implies a^2 = \frac{2}{x^2} + \frac{3}{x}+1 \\ &\implies a^2 = 2(\frac{1}{x}+\dfrac34)^2-\dfrac18 \end{aligned} f(x+2)−f(ax)=f(ax)−f(x+1)⟹axx+2=x+1ax⟹a2x2=(x+1)(x+2)⟹a2=x22+x3+1⟹a2=2(x1+43)2−81
令 t=1xt=\frac{1}{x}t=x1,则t>0t\gt 0t>0
2(t+34)2−18在区间[−34,+∞递增)2(t+\dfrac34)^2-\dfrac18在区间[-\dfrac34, +\infty递增)2(t+43)2−81在区间[−43,+∞递增)
a2>2(0+34)2−18a^2 \gt 2(0+\dfrac{3}{4})^2-\dfrac{1}8{}a2>2(0+43)2−81
a>1\large \colorbox{yellow}{\(a\gt 1\)}a>1